Exercise support brain function in 5 ways:

1), the release of growth factors that are essential for the development and growth of neurons and for neurogenesis and angiogenesis,

2), the production of lactate that provides energy to the brain and is involved in the synthesis of glutamate and the maintenance of long-term potentiation,

3), the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines that reduce neuroinflammation,

4), the increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant enzyme activity that reduce oxidative stress, and

5), the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and 5-HT that regulate neurogenesis and modulate cognition.